Note 10 - Stockholders’ equity

Controlled Equity Offering

The Company has a Controlled Equity Offering^SM Sales Agreement (the “Sales Agreement”) with Cantor Fitzgerald & Co., as sales agent (“Cantor”). Under the Sales Agreement, the Company may offer and sell, from time to time, through Cantor, shares of the Company’s common stock, par value $0.01 per share (the “Common Stock”). The Company pays Cantor a commission of 3.0% of the aggregate gross proceeds received under the Sale Agreement. The Company is not obligated to make any sales of the Shares under the Sales Agreement. The offering of Shares pursuant to the Sales Agreement will terminate upon the earlier of (a) the sale of all of the Shares subject to the Sales Agreement or (b) the termination of the Sales Agreement by Cantor or the Company, as permitted therein.

In September 2017, the Company filed with the SEC a Form S-3 “shelf” registration statement and sales agreement prospectus (the “Registration Statement”) covering the offering, issuance and sale of our Common Stock that could have been issued and sold under the existing Sales Agreement in an aggregate amount of up to $19.2 million. The Registration Statement on Form S-3 filed in connection with the Sales Agreement expired in October 2020 but a new Registration Statement could be refiled at any time at the discretion of the Company.

Share based awards and share based compensation 

In January 2011, the Company’s stockholders approved the adoption of the 2011 Incentive Plan (the “2011 Plan”) for the issuance of equity awards, including, among others, options, restricted stock, restricted stock units and performance stock units for up to 3,000,000 shares of common stock. In January 2018, the Company’s stockholders approved the amendment and restatement of the 2011 Plan (the “Amended and Restated 2011 Plan”) to increase the number of shares of common stock available for grant under the 2011 Plan by 2,000,000 shares of common stock bringing the total number of shares available for grant to 5,000,000 shares of common stock. On October 7, 2020, the Company’s Board of Directors approved the amendment and restatement of the Amended and Restated 2011 Plan, with an effective date of October 7, 2020 and subject to approval by the Company’s stockholders at the 2020 annual meeting of stockholders of the Company. The amendment and restatement of the Amended and Restated 2011 Plan was for purposes of, among other things, (i) increasing the shares of common stock available for grant under the Amended and Restated 2011 Plan by an additional 4,000,000 shares of common stock bringing the total number of shares available for grant to 9,000,000 shares of common stock and (ii) extending the term of the Amended and Restated 2011 Plan until October 7, 2030. In January 2021, the Company’s stockholders approved the amendment and restatement of the Amended and Restated 2011 Plan.

The exercise price of options granted under the Amended and Restated 2011 Plan, as amended and restated, is equal to or greater than fair market value of the common stock on the date of grant. The Amended and Restated 2011 Plan, as amended and restated, will terminate at the earliest of (a) such time as no shares of common stock remain available for issuance under the plan, (b) termination of the plan by the Company’s Board of Directors, or (c) October 7, 2030. Awards outstanding upon expiration of the Amended and Restated 2011 Plan, as amended and restated, will remain in effect until they have been exercised or terminated, or have expired. As of January 31, 2023, there were approximately 3,874,000 shares of common stock available for grant under the Amended and Restated 2011 Plan, as amended and restated.

The Company estimates the fair value of each stock option award on the measurement date using a Black-Scholes option pricing model. The fair value of awards is amortized to expense on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period. The Company expenses restricted stock awards based on vesting requirements, primarily time elapsed. Performance stock awards are not recognized until it is probable they will be earned. At such time, their expense is then recognized over the requisite service period, including that portion of the service period already elapsed.

Options granted pursuant to the plans may be either incentive stock options or non-statutory options. The 2011 Plan provides for the issuance of stock options, restricted stock and restricted stock unit awards which generally vest over a two or three year period.

The amounts of share-based compensation expense recognized in the periods presented are as follows:

The following table sets forth the amount of expense related to share-based payment arrangements included in specific line items in the accompanying statements of operations:

No excess tax benefits were recognized during the three and six month periods ended January 31, 2023 and 2022.

Stock Option Plans

The following table summarizes stock option activity during the three month period ended January 31, 2023:

As of January 31, 2023, the total future compensation cost related to non-vested options, not yet recognized in the statements of operations, was $2,344 and the weighted average period over which the remaining expense of these awards is expected to be recognized is approximately two years.

The intrinsic value of in the money stock option awards at the end of the period represents the Company’s closing stock price on the last trading day of the period in excess of the exercise price multiplied by the number of outstanding options.

Performance Stock Units

Beginning in fiscal 2018, the Company granted long-term incentive awards in the form of time based stock options and performance-based restricted stock units (“Performance Stock Units” or “PSUs”). The PSUs earned is determined over a three-year performance period. The primary performance metrics will be revenue and Adjusted EBITDA growth, as defined. Payouts are based on revenue and adjusted EBITDA goals met at threshold, target or maximum levels and are modified based on Total Shareholder Return (“TSR”) performance relative to Enzo’s peer group. The PSUs awarded to executive officers in fiscal 2018, net of forfeitures, expired in fiscal 2021 as the 3 year growth goals were not achieved.

During the fiscal years ended 2020 and 2019, the Company awarded additional PSUs to its executive officers. These awards provide for the grant of shares of our common stock at the end of a three-year period based on the achievement of revenue growth and adjusted EBITDA growth goals met at threshold, target or maximum levels over the respective period. The PSUs awarded to executive officers in fiscal 2019, net of forfeitures, were earned as of the three-year period ending July 31, 2022 as the growth goals at the maximum level were achieved. After TSR modification, a total of 25,200 PSUs were earned equally by two officers. As of January 31, 2023, 12,600 shares had been issued and the balance of the shares are expected to be issued in the third quarter of fiscal 2023.

During the six months ended January 31, 2023 a former officer forfeited 15,000 PSUs awarded in fiscal 2020. The Company recorded PSU compensation expense of $7 during the three months ended January 31, 2023 and ($48) during the six months ended January 31, 2023. For the three and six months ended January 31, 2022, the Company recorded PSU compensation expense of $96 and $162, respectively.

The following table summarizes PSU’s granted and outstanding through January 31, 2023:

Restricted Stock Units

The following table summarizes Restricted Stock Unit (“RSU”) activity for the six month period ended January 31, 2023:

During the three and six months ended January 31, 2023, the Company recognized shared based compensation expense for these RSUs of $202 and $388, respectively for these RSUs. During the three and six months ended January 31, 2022, the Company recognized shared-based compensation expense for these RSUs of $73.

As of January 31, 2023, the total future compensation cost related to non-vested RSUs, not yet recognized in the statements of operations, was $995 and the weighted average period over which the remaining expense of these awards is expected to be recognized is approximately one and a half years.