Note 1 – Basis of Presentation

Enzo Biochem, Inc. (the “Company,” “we,” “our” or “Enzo”), is a manufacturer and supplier of a comprehensive portfolio of thousands of high-quality products, including antibodies, genomic probes, assays, biochemicals, and proteins. The Company’s proprietary products and technologies play central roles in translational research and drug development areas, including cell biology, genomics, assays, immunohistochemistry, and small molecule chemistry. Enzo Biochem, Inc.’s Life Science division supports the work of research centers and industry partners. Enzo Biochem, Inc. has a broad and deep intellectual property portfolio, with patent coverage across many vital enabling technologies.

The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Enzo Biochem, Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, Enzo Life Sciences, Inc. (“Enzo Life Sciences”), Enzo Therapeutics, Inc. (“Enzo Therapeutics”), Enzo Realty LLC (“Enzo Realty”), and Enzo Realty II LLC (“Enzo Realty II”), collectively or with one or more of its subsidiaries referred to as the “Company” or “Companies.” The financial statements also include as discontinued operations the accounts of its wholly owned subsidiary Enzo Clinical Labs, Inc. (“Enzo Clinical Labs”). Effective July 24, 2023 we completed the sale of certain assets used in its clinical services operations to Laboratory Corporation of America Holdings, a Delaware corporation (“Labcorp”), and exited the clinical services business. See Note 2.

The Company has one reportable segment, Products. The consolidated balance sheet as of January 31, 2024, the consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive loss and stockholders’ equity for the three and six months ended January 31, 2024 and 2023, and the consolidated statements of cash flows for the six months ended January 31, 2024 and 2023 (the “interim statements”) are unaudited. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (which include normal recurring adjustments) necessary to present fairly the financial position and operating results for the interim periods have been made. Certain information and footnote disclosure, normally included in annual financial statements prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”), have been condensed or omitted. The interim statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements for the fiscal year ended July 31, 2023 and notes thereto contained in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. The consolidated balance sheet at July 31, 2023 has been derived from the audited financial statements at that date. The results of operations for the six months ended January 31, 2024 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the fiscal year ending July 31, 2024.

Principles of consolidation

The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared in conformity with U.S. GAAP and include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, Enzo Life Sciences (and its wholly-owned foreign subsidiaries), Enzo Therapeutics, Enzo Realty, Enzo Realty II, and Enzo Clinical Labs (a corporate entity with discontinued operations). All intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Contingencies

Contingencies are evaluated and a liability is recorded when the matter is both probable and reasonably estimable. Gain contingencies are evaluated and not recognized until the gain is realizable or realized.

Fair Value Measurements

The Company determines fair value measurements used in its consolidated financial statements based upon the exit price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants exclusive of any transaction costs, as determined by either the principal market or the most advantageous market. Inputs used in the valuation techniques to derive fair values are classified based on a three-level hierarchy. The basis for fair value measurements for each level within the hierarchy is described below with Level 1 having the highest priority and Level 3 having the lowest.

Level 1 Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

Level 2 Quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active; and model-derived valuations in which all significant inputs are observable in active markets.

Level 3 Valuations derived from valuation techniques in which one or more significant inputs are unobservable.

Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents consist of demand deposits with banks and highly liquid money market funds. At January 31, 2024 and July 31, 2023, the Company had cash and cash equivalents in foreign bank accounts of $498 and $419, respectively.

Concentration of Credit Risk

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk primarily consist of cash and cash equivalents and accounts receivable. The Company believes the fair value of the aforementioned financial instruments approximates the cost due to the immediate or short-term nature of these items. At January 31, 2024 and July 31, 2023, the Company had cash deposited in certain financial institutions in excess of federally insured levels. The Company regularly monitors the financial stability of these financial institutions and believes that it is not exposed to any significant credit risk in cash and cash equivalents or restricted cash.

Concentration of credit risk with respect to the Company’s Products segment is mitigated by the diversity of the Company’s customers and their dispersion across many different geographic regions. To reduce risk, the Company routinely assesses the financial strength of these customers and, consequently, believes that its accounts receivable credit exposure with respect to these customers is limited.

Income Taxes

The Company accounts for income taxes under the liability method of accounting for income taxes. Under the liability method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. The liability method requires that any tax benefits recognized for net operating loss carry forwards and other items be reduced by a valuation allowance when it is more likely than not that the benefits may not be realized. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled.

Under the liability method, the effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date.

Effect of New Accounting Pronouncements - Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

In June 2016, FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13 Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326). This standard changes the impairment model for most financial instruments, including trade receivables, from an incurred loss method to a new forward-looking approach, based on expected losses. The estimate of expected credit losses will require entities to incorporate considerations of historical information, current information and reasonable and supportable forecasts. We adopted this standard for our interim period beginning August 1, 2023 using a modified retrospective transition approach. The impact of the adoption of this standard on our results of operations, financial position and cash flows was not material.

We reviewed all other recently issued accounting pronouncements and have concluded they are not applicable or not expected to be significant to the accounting for our operations.